Integrand size = 23, antiderivative size = 74 \[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tanh (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {b} (a+b)^{3/2} d}+\frac {\tanh (c+d x)}{2 (a+b) d \left (a+b-b \tanh ^2(c+d x)\right )} \]
1/2*arctanh(b^(1/2)*tanh(d*x+c)/(a+b)^(1/2))/(a+b)^(3/2)/d/b^(1/2)+1/2*tan h(d*x+c)/(a+b)/d/(a+b-b*tanh(d*x+c)^2)
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(187\) vs. \(2(74)=148\).
Time = 2.45 (sec) , antiderivative size = 187, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.53 \[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {(a+2 b+a \cosh (2 (c+d x))) \text {sech}^4(c+d x) \left (\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\text {sech}(d x) (\cosh (2 c)-\sinh (2 c)) ((a+2 b) \sinh (d x)-a \sinh (2 c+d x))}{2 \sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {b (\cosh (c)-\sinh (c))^4}}\right ) (a+2 b+a \cosh (2 (c+d x))) (\cosh (2 c)-\sinh (2 c))}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {b (\cosh (c)-\sinh (c))^4}}+\text {sech}(2 c) \sinh (2 d x)-\frac {(a+2 b) \tanh (2 c)}{a}\right )}{8 (a+b) d \left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \]
((a + 2*b + a*Cosh[2*(c + d*x)])*Sech[c + d*x]^4*((ArcTanh[(Sech[d*x]*(Cos h[2*c] - Sinh[2*c])*((a + 2*b)*Sinh[d*x] - a*Sinh[2*c + d*x]))/(2*Sqrt[a + b]*Sqrt[b*(Cosh[c] - Sinh[c])^4])]*(a + 2*b + a*Cosh[2*(c + d*x)])*(Cosh[ 2*c] - Sinh[2*c]))/(Sqrt[a + b]*Sqrt[b*(Cosh[c] - Sinh[c])^4]) + Sech[2*c] *Sinh[2*d*x] - ((a + 2*b)*Tanh[2*c])/a))/(8*(a + b)*d*(a + b*Sech[c + d*x] ^2)^2)
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 72, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.97, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.174, Rules used = {3042, 4634, 215, 221}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\sec (i c+i d x)^2}{\left (a+b \sec (i c+i d x)^2\right )^2}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4634 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {1}{\left (-b \tanh ^2(c+d x)+a+b\right )^2}d\tanh (c+d x)}{d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 215 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{-b \tanh ^2(c+d x)+a+b}d\tanh (c+d x)}{2 (a+b)}+\frac {\tanh (c+d x)}{2 (a+b) \left (a-b \tanh ^2(c+d x)+b\right )}}{d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 221 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tanh (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {b} (a+b)^{3/2}}+\frac {\tanh (c+d x)}{2 (a+b) \left (a-b \tanh ^2(c+d x)+b\right )}}{d}\) |
(ArcTanh[(Sqrt[b]*Tanh[c + d*x])/Sqrt[a + b]]/(2*Sqrt[b]*(a + b)^(3/2)) + Tanh[c + d*x]/(2*(a + b)*(a + b - b*Tanh[c + d*x]^2)))/d
3.1.87.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-x)*((a + b*x^2)^(p + 1) /(2*a*(p + 1))), x] + Simp[(2*p + 3)/(2*a*(p + 1)) Int[(a + b*x^2)^(p + 1 ), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && LtQ[p, -1] && (IntegerQ[4*p] || IntegerQ[6 *p])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x /Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]
Int[sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^(n_) )^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{ff = FreeFactors[Tan[e + f*x], x]}, Simp[ff/f Subst[Int[(1 + ff^2*x^2)^(m/2 - 1)*ExpandToSum[a + b*(1 + ff^2*x^2)^(n/2), x]^p, x], x, Tan[e + f*x]/ff], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, e, f, p}, x] && IntegerQ [m/2] && IntegerQ[n/2]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(205\) vs. \(2(62)=124\).
Time = 0.51 (sec) , antiderivative size = 206, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.78
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {2 \left (-\frac {\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}{2 \left (a +b \right )}-\frac {\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{2 \left (a +b \right )}\right )}{\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4} a +\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4} b +2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} a -2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} b +a +b}-\frac {-\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {a +b}\, \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sqrt {b}+\sqrt {a +b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {a +b}}+\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {a +b}\, \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sqrt {b}+\sqrt {a +b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {a +b}}}{a +b}}{d}\) | \(206\) |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {2 \left (-\frac {\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}{2 \left (a +b \right )}-\frac {\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{2 \left (a +b \right )}\right )}{\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4} a +\tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4} b +2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} a -2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} b +a +b}-\frac {-\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {a +b}\, \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sqrt {b}+\sqrt {a +b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {a +b}}+\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {a +b}\, \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-2 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sqrt {b}+\sqrt {a +b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {a +b}}}{a +b}}{d}\) | \(206\) |
risch | \(-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c} a +2 b \,{\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c}+a}{a d \left (a +b \right ) \left (a \,{\mathrm e}^{4 d x +4 c}+2 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c} a +4 b \,{\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c}+a \right )}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c}+\frac {a \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}+2 b \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}-2 a b -2 b^{2}}{a \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right ) d}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c}+\frac {a \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}+2 b \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}+2 a b +2 b^{2}}{a \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {a b +b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right ) d}\) | \(231\) |
1/d*(-2*(-1/2/(a+b)*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^3-1/2/(a+b)*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c))/( tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^4*a+tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^4*b+2*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2*a- 2*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2*b+a+b)-1/(a+b)*(-1/4/b^(1/2)/(a+b)^(1/2)*ln((a+b)^ (1/2)*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2+2*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)*b^(1/2)+(a+b)^(1/2))+1/4 /b^(1/2)/(a+b)^(1/2)*ln((a+b)^(1/2)*tanh(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-2*tanh(1/2*d*x+1 /2*c)*b^(1/2)+(a+b)^(1/2))))
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 624 vs. \(2 (65) = 130\).
Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1489, normalized size of antiderivative = 20.12 \[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
[-1/4*(4*a^2*b + 4*a*b^2 + 4*(a^2*b + 3*a*b^2 + 2*b^3)*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 8 *(a^2*b + 3*a*b^2 + 2*b^3)*cosh(d*x + c)*sinh(d*x + c) + 4*(a^2*b + 3*a*b^ 2 + 2*b^3)*sinh(d*x + c)^2 - (a^2*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + 4*a^2*cosh(d*x + c)*si nh(d*x + c)^3 + a^2*sinh(d*x + c)^4 + 2*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 2* (3*a^2*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + a^2 + 2*a*b)*sinh(d*x + c)^2 + a^2 + 4*(a^2*cosh( d*x + c)^3 + (a^2 + 2*a*b)*cosh(d*x + c))*sinh(d*x + c))*sqrt(a*b + b^2)*l og((a^2*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + 4*a^2*cosh(d*x + c)*sinh(d*x + c)^3 + a^2*sinh(d *x + c)^4 + 2*(a^2 + 2*a*b)*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(3*a^2*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + a ^2 + 2*a*b)*sinh(d*x + c)^2 + a^2 + 8*a*b + 8*b^2 + 4*(a^2*cosh(d*x + c)^3 + (a^2 + 2*a*b)*cosh(d*x + c))*sinh(d*x + c) - 4*(a*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 2*a *cosh(d*x + c)*sinh(d*x + c) + a*sinh(d*x + c)^2 + a + 2*b)*sqrt(a*b + b^2 ))/(a*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + 4*a*cosh(d*x + c)*sinh(d*x + c)^3 + a*sinh(d*x + c )^4 + 2*(a + 2*b)*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(3*a*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + a + 2*b)*sinh (d*x + c)^2 + 4*(a*cosh(d*x + c)^3 + (a + 2*b)*cosh(d*x + c))*sinh(d*x + c ) + a)))/((a^4*b + 2*a^3*b^2 + a^2*b^3)*d*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + 4*(a^4*b + 2*a ^3*b^2 + a^2*b^3)*d*cosh(d*x + c)*sinh(d*x + c)^3 + (a^4*b + 2*a^3*b^2 + a ^2*b^3)*d*sinh(d*x + c)^4 + 2*(a^4*b + 4*a^3*b^2 + 5*a^2*b^3 + 2*a*b^4)*d* cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(3*(a^4*b + 2*a^3*b^2 + a^2*b^3)*d*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + ( a^4*b + 4*a^3*b^2 + 5*a^2*b^3 + 2*a*b^4)*d)*sinh(d*x + c)^2 + (a^4*b + 2*a ^3*b^2 + a^2*b^3)*d + 4*((a^4*b + 2*a^3*b^2 + a^2*b^3)*d*cosh(d*x + c)^...
\[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\int \frac {\operatorname {sech}^{2}{\left (c + d x \right )}}{\left (a + b \operatorname {sech}^{2}{\left (c + d x \right )}\right )^{2}}\, dx \]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 150 vs. \(2 (65) = 130\).
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 150, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.03 \[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {{\left (a + 2 \, b\right )} e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + a}{{\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b + 2 \, {\left (a^{3} + 3 \, a^{2} b + 2 \, a b^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b\right )} e^{\left (-4 \, d x - 4 \, c\right )}\right )} d} - \frac {\log \left (\frac {a e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + a + 2 \, b - 2 \, \sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}{a e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + a + 2 \, b + 2 \, \sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{4 \, \sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b} {\left (a + b\right )} d} \]
((a + 2*b)*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + a)/((a^3 + a^2*b + 2*(a^3 + 3*a^2*b + 2*a*b^ 2)*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + (a^3 + a^2*b)*e^(-4*d*x - 4*c))*d) - 1/4*log((a*e^(- 2*d*x - 2*c) + a + 2*b - 2*sqrt((a + b)*b))/(a*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + a + 2*b + 2*sqrt((a + b)*b)))/(sqrt((a + b)*b)*(a + b)*d)
\[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {\operatorname {sech}\left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (b \operatorname {sech}\left (d x + c\right )^{2} + a\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\text {sech}^2(c+d x)}{\left (a+b \text {sech}^2(c+d x)\right )^2} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{{\mathrm {cosh}\left (c+d\,x\right )}^2\,{\left (a+\frac {b}{{\mathrm {cosh}\left (c+d\,x\right )}^2}\right )}^2} \,d x \]